Morse code, invented by American inventor Samuel Morse and his assistant Alfred Vail in the 1830s, is one of the earliest telegraph encoding systems. Morse initially designed this encoding for transmitting information via telegraph machines over telegraph lines. In 1844, Morse successfully sent the first Morse telegram from Washington, D.C. to Baltimore, containing a Bible verse: "What hath God wrought?"
Morse code consists of dots (.) and dashes (-), and each letter and number has a corresponding code. Below is the International Morse Code table:
International Morse Code for the 26 Letters
| Character | Morse Code | Character | Morse Code | Character | Morse Code | Character | Morse Code |
| A | .━ | B | ━ ... | C | ━ .━ . | D | ━ .. |
| E | . | F | ..━ . | G | ━ ━ . | H | .... |
| I | .. | J | .━ ━ ━ | K | ━ .━ | L | .━ .. |
| M | ━ ━ | N | ━ . | O | ━ ━ ━ | P | .━ ━ . |
| Q | ━ ━ .━ | R | .━ . | S | ... | T | ━ |
| U | ..━ | V | ...━ | W | .━ ━ | X | ━ ..━ |
| Y | ━ .━ ━ | Z | ━ ━ .. | | | | |
Morse Code for Numbers
| Character | Morse Code | Character | Morse Code | Character | Morse Code | Character | Morse Code |
| 0 | ━ ━ ━ ━ ━ | 1 | .━ ━ ━ ━ | 2 | ..━ ━ ━ | 3 | ...━ ━ |
| 4 | ....━ | 5 | ..... | 6 | ━ .... | 7 | ━ ━ ... |
| 8 | ━ ━ ━ .. | 9 | ━ ━ ━ ━ . | | | | |
Morse Code for Punctuation
| Character | Morse Code | Character | Morse Code | Character | Morse Code | Character | Morse Code |
| . | .━ .━ .━ | : | ━ ━ ━ ... | , | ━ ━ ..━ ━ | ; | ━ .━ .━ . |
| ? | ..━ ━ .. | = | ━ ...━ | ' | .━ ━ ━ ━ . | / | ━ ..━ . |
| ! | ━ .━ .━ ━ | ━ | ━ ....━ | _ | ..━ ━ .━ | " | .━ ..━ . |
| ( | ━ .━ ━ . | ) | ━ .━ ━ .━ | $ | ...━ ..━ | & | . ━... |
| @ | .━ ━ .━ . | | | | | | |
The transmission rules for Morse code are as follows:
- Each dot (.) lasts for one unit of time.
- Each dash (-) lasts for three units of time.
- The space between dots and dashes is one unit of time.
- The space between letters is three units of time.
- The space between words is seven units of time.
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